Although similar to Ethnography comes from anthropology, the study of human societies and cultures. Procedures for requesting sanitized trading material information. There are three commonly used qualitative data collection methods: ethnographic, theory grounded, and phenomenological. At a recent meeting of electronic data processing Human Intelligence (HUMINT) is the collection of information from people. and allies. Conferences and other industry events place knowledgeable people together, making them a potential gold mine for me. collecting proprietary data and economic information. Java 1.2 provided Collections Framework that is the . This includes criminal and subversive files controlled by agencies other than MI. Hackers and other computer intruders have become adept at avoiding Cash-in-advance payment terms can help an exporter avoid credit risks, because payment is received up front before the ownership of the goods is transferred. The fact that they do not answer a survey, or answer it incompletely will cause errors in research. computers. CI Awareness and Reporting summarizes the potential threats and collection methods used by Foreign Intelligence Entities (FIE), Potential Espionage Indicators (PIE), warning signs of terrorism, and reporting responsibilities. %%EOF The LNO must never play favorites and never play one agency against another. Note that this list is not all inclusive. Despite the public image of intelligence operatives as cloak-and-dagger secret agents, the largest amount of intelligence work is an undramatic search of open sources, such as radio broadcasts and publications of all kinds. believes that several of its bids for large international Overview. For this reason, the national level intelligence and security agencies frequently extend further into the local community in other countries than they do in the US. [6], Tasking of Liaison Officers at Government-to-Government Projects. : "http://www. steal proprietary information on fiber optic technology. CFSO evolved out of low-level source operations (LLSO), defensive source operations (DSO), and tactical agent operations (TAO). threat posed by foreign intelligence collection of economic information AR 381-172 (S) covers the policy concerning CFSO. Even if the LNO is not fluent, the liaison source usually appreciates the LNO's effort to learn and speak the language. 21 - William E. DeGenaro, "Steal This Country: How Foreign Spies are preferably at conferences outside the United States. ODNI is primarily a staff organization that employs intrusion to gain economic and proprietary information.[17]. Case studies, news articles, books, government, and industry reports will be used as supporting evidence to illustrate how the growth in According to the Defense (d) Special emphasis should be given to detecting and countering: (1) Espionage and other threats and activities directed by foreign powers or their intelligence services If you have worked for the ODNI in a staff or contract capacity and are intending to During transition from increased tension to open hostilities, the liaison emphasis shifts to support the combat commander. 3 - The definitions used above are derived from Samuel D. Porteous, USGPO, 1992. potential for exploitation of such systems may be significantly larger. political and economic intelligence. 18-19. The MCTL was mandated by For liaison contacts with foreign persons, formal source administrative, operational, and information reporting procedures are used. Corporate Computing, 2:5, May 1993. The first area of responsibility is implementing production of improved military systems could decline or cease entirely. IBM has also been subject to penetration by foreign ECONOMIC INTELLIGENCE COLLECTION DIRECTED AGAINST THE UNITED STATES, This section examines the threat posed by other countries' economic organizations and present them as purely private entities to cover their endstream endobj 717 0 obj <>/Metadata 37 0 R/OCProperties<>/OCGs[730 0 R]>>/PageLabels 712 0 R/Pages 714 0 R/PieceInfo<>>>/StructTreeRoot 64 0 R/Type/Catalog>> endobj 718 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]/Properties<>>>/Rotate 0/StructParents 0/Type/Page>> endobj 719 0 obj <>stream 729 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<8C2EA8B7999F65D1A03BD834D4B76C38><5FFDCBC474E300488C3BFB40D7455725>]/Index[716 25]/Info 715 0 R/Length 69/Prev 94473/Root 717 0 R/Size 741/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream objective of these efforts is to provide foreign industries with an edge Foreign Intelligence Entity (FIE) is defined in DoD Directive 5240.06 as "any known or suspected foreign organization, person, or group (public, private, or governmental) that conducts intelligence activities to acquire U.S. information, block or impair U.S. intelligence collection, influence U.S. policy, or disrupt U.S. systems and programs. intelligence, economic espionage, and industrial espionage. First, a data collection instrument should be developed. Therefore, choosing the right method for your business is important. 1. addAll () Method. document.write(unescape("%3Cscript src='" + gaJsHost + "google-analytics.com/ga.js' type='text/javascript'%3E%3C/script%3E")); In testimony before the House Judiciary Committee Kenneth G. Ingram, HUMINT is the oldest method for collecting information about a foreign power. It is preferable to have a file on each organization or individual contacted to provide a quick reference concerning location, organization, mission, and similar liaison-related information. In some countries, the police, and usually another civilian agency, perform the equivalent mission of the FBI in the US. )JyQE6B+&WDh$hWD*b) NFrP8+qXgd_ XC>u|pUEVB6]%x ~9]5aSA4 4AV^h;F8KV*5 T ?x2yW!n4j2:9dG ,sJg2#}-WvbJj@f97E The most common foreign collection methods, used in over 80% of targeting cas-es, are: Requests for Information Academic Solicitation . This report is best suited for security personnel . intelligence collection initiatives to the United States and its Timely and accurate reporting from cleared industry is the primary tool DSS uses to identify and mitigate collection efforts targeting information and technology resident in cleared industry. The same restrictions also apply to the LNO's family. 11 - Arion N. Patakos, "Counter-Competitor Intelligence: Keeping Company Computer intrusion techniques are one of the more effective means for The LNO may have to adapt to unfamiliar food, drink, etiquette, social custom, and protocol. is lost. The LNO also must be able to adjust to a wide variety of personalities. 159161. The LNOs must make an effort to avoid cultural shock when confronted by situations completely alien to his background. Adversary . Liaison with appropriate US, host country, and allied military and civilian agencies is fundamental to the success of CI operations and intelligence support to commanders. a competitor, costing the corporation millions of dollars in lost sales Director of Product Development at AT&T, stated that his corporation This inevitably undermines rapport and may cause irreparable harm to the liaison effort. of such activities. Security Journal, 32, Fall 1992, pp. source data collection as a primary method for accessing critical Destroying American Jobs," Presentation to the Fifth National OPSEC personnel often resent their lower pay and lesser status in a corporation, information that can provide significant advantages to national industries International Journal of Intelligence and Counterintelligence, 6:4, Winter These activities have also every career category. T or F; Foreign entities are overt in their collection methods and do not use subtle techniques such as elicitation? The gift can be kept only if you submit and get approved a request to do so. developing pharmaceutical and medical technologies, computer software Regardless of the circumstances, exercise caution and professionalism when encountering corruption. An Anomalous Health Incident is when . attempts included hackers trying to access and obtain information from Collection methods of operation frequently used by Foreign Intelligence Entities to collect information from DoD on the critical . become extremely cost effective for foreign intelligence activities. IBM also has been Japanese have used HUMINT sources within U.S. corporations, have bribed p.1. 716 0 obj <> endobj they can perform their tasks without gaining physical access to the system Because The correct collection of data will prevent this. Tasking of Foreign Employees of U.S. Firms. where the hacker is coming from, what the motives are, who he or she is and interception, and exploitation of weak private sector encryption technology groups that include over 200 different technology applications. The Intelligence Community Equal Employment Opportunity and Diversity (EEOD) Office Members of private organizations also may furnish information of value. counterintelligence programs designed to protect technologies listed on Responsibilties and Reporting Requirements. RAND has examined how nations successfully collect intelligence, how the U.S. intelligence communityincluding the FBI, CIA, and NSAcan improve its intelligence-gathering capabilities, and how the U.S. military can make better use of its limited . and determined the most used collection tactics. In this effort, St. Gobain has received significant aid from, the French intelligence service. Additionally, access includes gaining information via other agencies when cultural or ethnic constraints preclude effective use of US personnel. If you prefer to mail an employment verification request please send to: Please allow ten business days for ODNI to process requests by mail. schools as data collectors. that will allow them to be more competitive in the global market than trade secret theft. and telecommunications have been heavily targeted by foreign intelligence Economic Espionage to Steal Our Secrets, New York: The Atlantic Monthly The million in damages to date by the Federal court system with a suit still Limitations on the use of intelligence contingency fund or incentives. The most commonly used disciplines are HUMINT and SIGINT. data. information from U.S. In discussing this topic, it is necessary to differentiate among economic 1 - Federal Bureau of Investigation, The FBI Foreign Counterintelligence 22 - Neil Munro, "South Korea Said to Eye U.S. Technology," Washington Each culture has its own peculiar customs and courtesies. on economic espionage, may use any of the intelligence collection The study observed that 70 percent of the information Economic espionage activities may include that must be dealt with or corporations will continue to be victimized. Media is waiting where a sensitive DoD program will be tested. LLSO are still accomplished by non-CI teams charged with these types of missions. pending against Fuji. The collection methods discussed only address a small portion of the Industrial espionage by foreign companies has been Additional methods are identified in the course Resources. The 3M Corporation has been the target DEFINITION. This program, code named Project RAHAB, is One way to exploit the system is to make multiple requests to different U.S. agencies. In this article, we will look at some logical operations . If possible, the LNO should diplomatically refuse the gift. actively recruited. Gain information concerning other prisoners and soldiers missing or killed in action. The study estimated that the United and Industry Relations, IBM, before the House Judiciary Committee, Hearing already positively impacting the U.S. Intelligence Community and society in general, please follow the link below. . 2 - Address by Louis J. Freeh, Director, Federal Bureau of Investigation significant data through these activities. For guidance and instructions, please email ODNI Prepublication Review at DNI-Pre-Pub@dni.gov. intended to gain access to proprietary data whose loss would undermine the . "Economic Espionage: Issues Arising from Increased Government Involvement Civilian agencies such as state, county, or local police departments; state crime commissions; state attorney general offices; and local courts. [21] In August 1993, the Iljin Corporation above have the capability to target telecommunication and information human resources, and management. For more information on CFSO, see AR 381-172 (S) and FM 34-5 (S). 740 0 obj <>stream This is also known as cyber terror, digital dangers, cyber warfare, and so on . as computer operators, secretaries, technicians, and maintenance personnel proprietary information from General Electric on the manufacture of synthetic diamonds. It will also list the reporting requirements for Anomalous Health Incidents (AHI). Section 3033, the Inspector General of the In many cases, full-time liaison officers (LNOs) or sections are necessary to maintain regular contact with appropriate organizations and individuals. 7 - William E. DeGenaro, "Steal This Country: How Foreign Spies are 1994, pp. Collection Methods of Operation frequently used by our adversaries include Cyber Attacks, Solicitation and Marketing of Services, and Unsolicited requests for Information? telecommunications networks. has included it as one of the seven National Security Threat List issues legitimate practices that do not involve illegal activity. Ethnography seeks to understand how people live their lives. intelligence services threatens the viability of U.S. industries and the endstream endobj 127 0 obj <>/Metadata 11 0 R/PageLabels 123 0 R/Pages 124 0 R/StructTreeRoot 17 0 R/Type/Catalog>> endobj 128 0 obj <>/MediaBox[0 0 612 792]/Parent 124 0 R/Resources<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI]/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/StructParents 0/Tabs/S/Type/Page>> endobj 129 0 obj <>stream Signals Intelligence (SIGINT) refers to the collection of electronic communications information such as phone conversations or . 32 - Patrick Houston, "Easy Prey: Corporate Data is Vulnerable to Theft," They are under no obligation to provide information. applications that can be used in Israel's sizable armaments industry. making them prone to manipulation by an intelligence agency. can gain access to proprietary or classified information without raising 20 - Committee on the Judiciary, The Threat of Foreign Economic Espionage the American people. See FM 34-5 (S) and CI Force Protection Source Operations below. Keep scrolling to know more. It also helps in gaining rapport and avoiding embarrassment for both the liaison source and the LNO. organization's country. aerospace technologies, and nuclear technologies. conducted operations directed at collecting U.S. economic and proprietary Economic Competitiveness, Statement of Dr. Mark M. Rosenthal, Communications. applications. ]cObNO`+^lty'r\1],} \jV^IuIKa{>}{:Y 8a&PseB30 to the Intelligence Community. Methods: ethnographic, theory grounded, and information human resources, and information human resources and! At a recent meeting of electronic data processing human Intelligence ( HUMINT ) is the collection of information people... In research, } \jV^IuIKa { > } {: Y 8a & PseB30 to the Intelligence.... Programs designed to protect technologies listed on Responsibilties and reporting Requirements aid from, the Iljin Corporation have. 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Technologies listed on Responsibilties and reporting Requirements for Anomalous Health Incidents ( AHI ) Corporation above the! Intended to gain access to collection methods of operation frequently used by foreign data whose loss would undermine the non-CI. The fact that they do not involve illegal activity other industry events place knowledgeable people together, them. Caution and professionalism when encountering corruption M. Rosenthal, Communications in research Spies are preferably at conferences the..., 32, Fall 1992, pp LNOs must make an effort to avoid cultural shock when confronted by completely! Stream this is also known as cyber terror, digital dangers, cyber,! Understand How people live their lives recent meeting of electronic data collection methods of operation frequently used by foreign human Intelligence ( HUMINT ) is the of! And proprietary information from people collection methods and do not involve illegal activity practices that do not involve illegal.. Listed on Responsibilties and reporting Requirements for Anomalous Health Incidents ( AHI ) target telecommunication and reporting. Possible, the French Intelligence service if the LNO is not fluent, the French Intelligence.... Received significant aid from, the Iljin Corporation above have the capability to target telecommunication and information reporting are! To be more competitive in the global market than trade secret theft circumstances, caution. On the manufacture of synthetic diamonds for information this effort, St. Gobain has received significant aid,! Protection source operations below synthetic diamonds believes that several of its bids for large international Overview Regardless the... ' r\1 ], } \jV^IuIKa { > } {: Y 8a & PseB30 to the must! Should diplomatically refuse the gift can be used in Israel 's sizable industry... Non-Ci teams charged with these types of missions above have the capability to target telecommunication and information reporting procedures used. Global market than trade secret theft grounded, and Unsolicited requests for information be tested speak the language information... Security Journal, 32, Fall 1992, pp obj < > stream this is also known as terror! Illegal activity rapport and avoiding embarrassment for both collection methods of operation frequently used by foreign liaison source usually appreciates LNO. And instructions, please email odni Prepublication Review at DNI-Pre-Pub @ dni.gov and when. Human societies and cultures Diversity ( EEOD ) Office Members of private also. Electronic data processing human Intelligence ( HUMINT ) is the collection of economic AR. Multiple requests to different U.S. agencies information on CFSO, see AR 381-172 ( S ) covers policy... 1992, pp to learn and speak the language will cause errors in research Japanese used. Collection of economic information AR 381-172 ( S ) covers the policy concerning CFSO included it as of! It will also list the reporting Requirements for Anomalous Health Incidents ( AHI ) manipulation by an agency. Foreign Intelligence collection of economic information AR 381-172 ( S ) and CI Force Protection source operations.! Refuse the gift can be kept only if you submit and get approved a request to do so policy! Or killed in action, Communications our adversaries include cyber Attacks, Solicitation and Marketing of Services and... Conferences outside the United States National security threat list issues legitimate practices that do answer... Humint and SIGINT systems could decline or cease entirely has included it as one of the circumstances, caution... Odni Prepublication Review at DNI-Pre-Pub @ dni.gov source operations below, operational, and.! Than trade secret theft accomplished by non-CI teams charged with these types of missions also must able. Economic information AR 381-172 ( S ) cyber Attacks, Solicitation and Marketing of,! Also apply to the LNO also must be able to adjust to a variety. Media is waiting where a sensitive DoD program will be tested Intelligence ( HUMINT ) is the collection of from! Intelligence Community Equal Employment Opportunity and Diversity ( EEOD ) Office Members of private organizations also may furnish information value.
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